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Indus Valley Civilization

Indus Valley Civilization

The Indus Valley Civilization, also known as the Harappan Civilization, was a Bronze Age civilization that flourished in the northwestern region of South Asia from approximately 3300 BCE to 1300 BCE. Its mature period is generally dated between 2600 BCE and 1900 BCE. It was one of the world's earliest urban civilizations, alongside ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia.  


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> Decline and End  
> Arts and Crafts 
> Agriculture & Food

i) Decline and End

 IVC question 24:

 IVC question 24:

  Which of the following is NOT considered a reason for the decline of Indus Valley Civilization?

 UPSC Prelims 2018, CUET PG 2022  
1. Climate change

2. Aryan invasion

3. Tectonic movements

4.Mongol invasion

Answer:-  4. Mongol invasion. 

Explanation:- The Mongol invasion occurred in the 13th century CE, long after the decline of the Indus Valley Civilization around 1300 BCE; other factors like climate and tectonics are considered plausible reasons.

 IVC question 25:

 IVC question 25:

  The latest phase of Indus Valley Civilization is known as:

 UPSC Prelims 2018, CUET PG 2022  
1. Early Harappan

2. Mature Harappan

3. Late Harappan

4. Post- Harappan

Answer:-  3.  Late Harappan. 

Explanation:-  The Late Harappan phase (1900–1300 BCE) is marked by a decline in urban features and standardization.

viii) Arts and Crafts

 IVC question 26:

 IVC question 26:

  The latest phase of Indus Valley Civilization is known as:

NDA/CDS 2019, UPSC Prelims 2017
1. Iron working

2. Bronze working

3. Steel working

4. Aluminum working

Answer:-  2.  Bronze working. 

Explanation:- The civilization is classified as a Bronze Age culture, with evidence of advanced bronze metallurgy in tools, weapons, and art objects.

 IVC question 27:

 IVC question 27:

  The famous unicorn motif is found on:

AILET 2022, JMI Entrance 2023
1. Pottery

2. Coins

3. Sculptures

4. Seals

Answer:-  4.  Seals. 

Explanation:- The unicorn motif, actually a single-horned bull, is the most common design found on Indus seals, used for trade and identification.

ix) Agriculture and Food

 IVC question 28:

 IVC question 28:

  The main crops grown by Indus Valley people were:

SSC CHSL 2021, CUET UG 2022
1. Rice and sugarcane

2. Wheat and barley

3. Maize and potato

4. Cotton and jute

Answer:- 2.  Wheat and barley. 

Explanation:- Archaeological findings show wheat and barley as staple crops, along with peas, sesame, and dates.

 IVC question 29:

 IVC question 29:

  Evidence of ploughed field has been found at:

SSC CHSL 2021, CUET UG 2022
1. Harappa

2. Mohenjodaro

3. Kalibangan

4. Dholavira

Answer:- 3.  Kalibangan. 

Explanation:- Kalibangan is unique for its evidence of ploughed fields with intersecting furrows, indicating advanced agricultural techniques.

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